锻件采购合同里的交货状态怎么写｜Writing Delivery Condition into Forging Purchase Contracts

摘要：合同只写「按图纸供货」，扯皮全在后头。讲交货状态的四个条款：热处理状态、检验项目与接收标准、探伤等级、批次追溯与质保书内容。
Abstract: “Supplied per drawing” defers every argument to later. Four clauses: heat-treat condition, tests and acceptance, UT class, and traceability with the certificate contents.

正文： 锻件到货才发现是黑皮态、没有热处理、没有探伤，重新谈运费和工期都晚了。交货状态写不写进合同，就是到货即用和到货扯皮的区别。
Main text: Forgings arrive as-forged, un-heat-treated, un-inspected — and renegotiating freight and schedule starts too late. Whether delivery condition is in the contract decides whether parts bolt on or arguments begin.

一、热处理状态写明炉号
1. Name the heat-treat condition and the furnace lot

正火、调质、固溶时效，写状态还要写执行标准与硬度带。调质件的硬度带跨度和回火温度挂钩，只写「调质」不写硬度带，供应商有太大的自由度。
Normalised, quenched-tempered or solution-aged: state the condition, the standard followed and the hardness band. Bands tie back to tempering temperature — «QT» without a band hands the supplier all the freedom.

二、检验项目与接收标准
2. Tests and acceptance criteria

• 力学性能：取样位置（本体、加长段还是试棒）必须写明。
  Mechanical tests: specimen location — body, prolongation or coupon — must be explicit.
• 晶粒度与脱碳层：对疲劳件和表面淬火件单列要求。
  Grain size and decarburization: separate clauses for fatigue and surface-hardened parts.
• 探伤等级：UT 按 GB/T 6402 或客户标准，注明等级与扫查方式。
  UT class: per GB/T 6402 or customer standard, with class and scan pattern stated.

三、质保书与追溯
3. Certificates and traceability

质保书写明炉号、批次号与热处理炉号三对应，缺一个都算不合格交货。到货抽检按比例写进条款，复检不合格的处置路径（退货、让步、降级）预先约定，出了问题才不会各说各话。
Certificates must tie heat number, batch number and heat-treat lot — miss one and delivery fails. Incoming sampling ratios go in the contract, along with the path for failed re-inspection (return, concession, downgrade), so the post-mortem has a rulebook instead of opinions.