红外测温自动化集成应用，坯料、模具在线测温方案｜Infrared Pyrometers in Forging Automation: Billets and Dies

摘要：红外测温是锻造自动化获取温度数据的核心传感器，本文讲坯料、模具红外测温选型、吹扫防护、信号接入 PLC 常见问题。
Abstract: Infrared pyrometers are the core temperature sensors of forging automation. This article covers selection for billets and dies, purge protection, and PLC signal integration.

正文： 锻造现场高温、粉尘、水汽多，红外测温用来非接触读取坯料锻造温度、模具温度，把温度信号给到电控系统实现闭环控制。
Main text: Forge shops are hot, dusty and wet. Infrared pyrometers read billet and die temperatures without contact and feed the control system for closed-loop operation.

两个应用场景
Two use cases

• 坯料出口测温：感应加热炉出口检测坯料实际温度，反馈调节加热功率；温度不合格坯料自动分流剔除，不进入锻打。
  Billet exit temperature: measure real billet temperature at the furnace exit, feedback to heating power; out-of-tolerance billets are diverted before forging.
• 模具测温：监控模具工作温度，联动自动润滑、模具预热系统。
  Die temperature: monitor die temperature and interlock with automatic lubrication and preheating.

自动化集成要点
Integration essentials

• 镜头吹扫保护：必须配压缩空气吹扫，隔绝粉尘、水汽、石墨喷雾，否则镜头被遮挡读数完全失真。
  Lens purge: compressed-air purging is mandatory – dust, moisture and graphite spray will blind the lens completely.
• 选型：根据被测温度区间选测温仪；高温锻件选用短波红外，抗环境干扰更好。
  Selection: match the pyrometer to the temperature range; short-wavelength models resist interference better on hot forgings.
• 信号输出：4‑20mA 或者通讯协议接入 PLC，不要只靠显示屏人工看。
  Signal: use 4-20 mA or a fieldbus into the PLC – not just a local display someone glances at.
• 定期校准：避免漂移。
  Calibration: calibrate regularly to prevent drift.

常见踩坑
Classic mistake

很多工厂买回来红外测温仪，不装吹扫，短时间就被粉尘盖住，设备形同虚设。
Many plants buy pyrometers without purges; dust coats the lens within weeks and the instrument does nothing.

小结
Summary

红外测温只是传感器，真正价值是接入自动化控制系统，实现闭环控制；吹扫防护是现场稳定工作的必要条件。
A pyrometer is just a sensor – its value comes from closing the loop in the control system, and purge protection is what keeps it alive on the floor.